Intermediate C Programming

Intermediate C Programming A Complete Undergraduate Study Guide Pointers · Memory · Data Structures · Algorithms Structured Programming • Systems Programming

Intermediate C Programming Table of Contents Contents 1 Foundations of C Programming 3 1.1 Program Structure & Compilation Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1.2 Data Types & Memory Sizes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.3 Operators Precedence Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2 Functions & Scope 4 2.1 Function Anatomy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2.2 Call Stack & Recursion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2.3 Storage Classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 3 Arrays 7 3.1 One-Dimensional Arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 3.2 Two-Dimensional Arrays (Matrices) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 4 Pointers 8 4.1 Pointer Basics & Arithmetic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 4.2 Pointers & Arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 4.3 Pointers to Pointers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 4.4 Function Pointers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 5 Strings 10 5.1 Standard String Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Intermediate C Programming 12 File Input & Output 20 12.1 File Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 13 Bitwise Operations 22 14 Preprocessor Directives 23 15 Structured Programming & SPL Concepts 24 15.1 Structured Programming Principles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 15.2 Flowchart Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 15.3 Top-Down Design & Modular Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 16 Advanced: Pointer Idioms & Common Pitfalls 25 16.1 Common Pointer Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 17 Algorithmic Complexity & Big-O Notation 26 18 Concept Map: Intermediate C at a Glance 28 19 Quick-Reference Cheat Sheet 29 2