Chemistry 1st Ch 05 Work Oriented Chemistry

Chemistry - First Paper Chapter 5: Work-Oriented Chemistry Selected Questions and Answers (HSC English Version) 0.1 Chapter 5: Work-Oriented Chemistry Group A: Knowledge Based Questions (At a Glance) (1) Food Security and Chemistry Based: 1. What is food security? [C. B. 2016; J. B. 2016] Answer: Food security exists when all people at all times have physical, social, and economic access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food to meet their dietary needs. 2. What is food access? Answer: Food access is the ability of individuals or communities to acquire adequate amounts of quality food, through purchase, home production, or other means. 3. What is TSP? Answer: TSP stands for Triple Super Phosphate, a concentrated phosphorus-based fertilizer (Ca(H2PO4)2) used in agriculture. 4. What is DAP? Answer: DAP stands for Diammonium Phosphate ((NH4)2HPO4), a widely used fertilizer pro- viding both nitrogen and phosphorus. 5. What is insecticide? Answer: An insecticide is a chemical substance formulated to kill, harm, repel, or mitigate one or more species of insects. 6. What is toxin? Answer: A toxin is a poisonous substance produced within living cells or organisms. 7. What is food poisoni

5. What is full name of EDTA? Answer: EDTA stands for Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. 6. What is botulism? Answer: Botulism is a rare but potentially fatal illness caused by a toxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum, often found in improperly canned foods. 7. What is blanching of food? [Ctg. B. 2015] Answer: Blanching is a brief heat treatment (usually in boiling water) given to vegetables to inactivate enzymes before canning, freezing, or drying. 8. What is exhausting? [J. B. 2016, 2015] Answer: Exhausting is the process of removing air (especially oxygen) from a food container before sealing to prevent oxidative degradation and aerobic microbial growth. 9. What is retorting of food? Answer: Retorting is the commercial sterilization process of heating sealed cans or pouches of food under steam pressure to destroy all microorganisms, including spores. 10. What is temp. in boiling water bath? Answer: The temperature in a boiling water bath is 100◦C (212◦F) at sea level. 11. What is food lacquer? [D. B. 2015] Answer: Food lacquer is an inert, protective resin coating applied to the inside of metal cans to prevent the food from reacting with the metal. (3) Colloid, Susp

2. What is name of main component of talcum powder? [J. B. 2017] Answer: The main component of talcum powder is the mineral talc (hydrated magnesium silicate). 3. What is the cause of flavour of rose water? Answer: The flavor and fragrance of rose water are primarily due to the presence of geraniol and phenylethyl alcohol. 4. What is main alkali component of glass cleaner? [Syl. B. 2015] Answer: The main alkali component of glass cleaner is aqueous ammonia (ammonium hydroxide, NH4OH). 5. What is alkali component in toilet cleaner? Answer: The primary alkali component in most heavy-duty toilet cleaners is caustic soda (sodium hydroxide, NaOH). (5) Vinegar Based: 1. What is vinegar? [All. Brds. 2018; J. B. 2016] Answer: Vinegar is a 6–10% aqueous solution of acetic acid (CH3COOH), traditionally produced by the fermentation of sugars or ethanol. 2. What is malt? Answer: Malt is germinated cereal grain (usually barley) that has been dried in a process known as malting, used for brewing or making vinegar. 3. What is aceto-bactor? Answer: Acetobacter is a genus of aerobic bacteria that convert ethanol to acetic acid in the presence of oxygen. 4. What is mother malt? Answer: Mother malt (